What is the penal code for filming people without their permission in California?

I was in a store and I thought I saw the man who tried to steal my bike. His clothes were all colored black, wearing a hood and a hat. I wanted to see whether or not it is him or if he was shoplifting. I didn't want him to see my head peeking so I used a gopro camera with the app to see what the camera sees through my phone. I was hungry when I started spying on him which effected my perception and I was confused thinking it was okay to record in a public area. He noticed the camera and confronted me. It turns out that it wasn't the guy who tried to steal my bike and I made a possible mistake. Usually when people don't like being film they would ask the camera users to stop filming and leave but this guy was following me. We stopped and talked. Then he picked up his phone and called the police to get me, trying to do a citizen arrest. I tried to convince him to stop. I said that I was going to leave, I didn't hurt anyone in the process, and there was no need to arrest me but he wouldn't let me leave. The supervisor of the store showed up and asked what happen. I told him what occurred and he said that it is illegal to record people without their permission. I apologized and left. I was kicked out of the store and the guy was still talking to the 911 dispatcher. That night I almost got arrested for the first time.

I want to know the law relating to this incident so that this will never happen to me again.

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